Easy-Clean Granite Tile
Introduction
Contrary to the compact structure, the presence of surface cavities with nanometer and micrometer dimensions makes the tile sensitive to the stain and penetration of the contamination. Colloidal nano silica acts as a binder, polishing agent and coating to fill these pores and prevent the stains and dirt from penetrating into the surface.
Gas Turbine Air Filter0
Introduction
Proper air filtration is critical to the overall performance and reliability of gas turbines. The latest evolution in the filtration industry is the use of nanotechnology in this field. With this technique, the surface of large cellulosic or synthetic textiles (usually 10 to 30 micrometers in diameter) is covered with a layer of ultra-fine textiles (typically 50 to 400 nanometers in diameter). There are two different methods for separating particles in the filter paper structure.
In-depth filtration, in which particles are separated in different layers of paper according to their size; and surface filtration, in which all particles are separated on the surface of paper. In Behran Co. before pleating process, the filter paper is covered with a layer of Polyamide textiles with diameter of less than 100 nanometer by using electrospinning process.
Golden Steel Sheet for Facades
Introduction
The design of the facade is of great importance in every building, because it is the first part of the building to be exposed, and it will be very effective in creating the initial mentality of someone who enters the building. The use of special designs and colors in interior and exterior decoration is welcomed by manufacturers and buyers. One of the more recent designs is the use of golden elements made of stainless steel with TiN golden coatings. These ceramic coatings, in addition to the strength and mechanical properties, provide good corrosion resistance. There are different methods to apply TiN coatings on substrates. Arc-PVD is a kind of physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then condenses on a substrate and forms a thin film.
Nanofluid Coolant for Power Plant
Introduction
More efficient heat transfer systems are increasingly preferred because of the accelerating miniaturization, on the one hand, and the ever-increasing heat flux, on the other hand. The poor heat transfer properties of the common fluids like water compared to most solids is a primary obstacle to the high compactness and effectiveness of heat exchangers. Passive enhancement methods such as enhanced surfaces are often employed in thermo-fluid systems. Therefore, the development of advanced heat transfer fluids with higher thermal conductivity and improved heat transfer is in strong demand. Nanofluids are heat transfer liquids with dispersed nanoparticles. The effectiveness of heat transfer enhancement has been found to be dependent on the amount of dispersed particle, material type, particle shape, etc.
Naphtha Reforming Nanocatalyst for CCR unit
Introduction
Catalytic reforming is a major conversion process in petroleum refinery which converts low octane naphthas into higher octane reformate products for gasoline blending and aromatic rich reformate for aromatic production. To perform the process correctly and efficiently, as well as to prevent coke making, the process structure and catalyst must be selected optimally. The efficient structure of the reforming reactors is continues catalytic reforming (CCR). In this process the catalyst is key component. The γ–alumina based catalyst is amongst the catalysts that has a long history in catalytic reforming. In naphtha reforming, γ–alumina is responsible for acidic interactions; moreover, the dehydrogenation reactions are performed by some metals which are impregnated to the catalyst. Therefore, alumina-based catalyst is a very suitable candidate for catalytic reforming.
Silent Sewage Pipes
Introduction
Structural Lightweight Concrete (NSLC-1230)
Introduction
Structural lightweight concrete has an in-place density on the order of 1400 to 1900 kg/m3 compared to normal-weight concrete with a density in the in the range of 2000 to 2400 kg/m3. For structural applications, the concrete strength should be greater than 17 MPa. The concrete mixture is made with lightweight coarse aggregate. In some cases, a portion or the entire fine aggregate may be a lightweight product. Lightweight aggregates used in structural lightweight concrete are typically expanded shale, clay or slate materials that have been fired in a rotary kiln to develop a porous structure.
Turbine Inlet Air Filter
Introduction
Air filters are used to prevent damage to power plant equipment through dust particles, contaminants and other harmful particles in the air. The main goal is the maximum absorption of dust particles from the air. Nanofibers with lower thickness and higher specific surface area than that of conventional fibers have many applications in filtration and electrospinning is the most efficient process for production of continuous fibers from synthetic or natural polymers. Electrospinning is used to improve the performance and efficiency of the filter. This technology while increases the efficiency of dust absorption, avoid high pressure drop. Fibers produced by electrospinning have a diameter of less than 100 nm and cover the surface of the filter paper uniformly.
